Insecticide resistance in the field populations of the Asian tiger mosquito Aedes albopictus in Beijing: resistance status and associated detoxification genes

This study demonstrates that the <i>Ae. albopictus</i> field populations in Beijing exhibit multiple phenotypic resistance to commonly used pyrethroids and carbamate. The identification of a number of DEGs associated with insecticide resistance indicates that the mechanisms underlying resistance in field populations are complicated, and detoxifying enzymes may play important roles. The multiple resistance status detected in the three field populations suggests that resistance management strategies such as insecticide rotation and non-chemical-based measures should be implemented in order to sustain effective control of the disease vector and vector-borne diseases.