A Histopathological Study of Urinary Bladder Tumours with Immunohistochemical Expression Of Ki 67 Marker.

Introduction: Urothelial neoplasms can be classified as Benign and Malignant tumours.  Malignant tumours are further classified as non-invasive & invasive lesions. The major prognostic factors are degree of differentiation and depth of invasion in urothelial tumours. Ki-67 is a non-histone nuclear protein marker of cell proliferation.The present study determines the expression of the cell proliferative marker Ki-67 and correlates it with pathologic features and disease prognosis in patients. Materials and Methods: This is a cross -sectional study done in the department of Pathology of Alluri sitaramaraju academy of medical sciences,Eluru. Urothelial Neoplasm cases diagnosed from September 2021 to September 2023 were included & relevant clinico-pathological data and their Ki-67 labelling Index wasevaluated & correlated.  Results: A total number of 20 cases were studied, out of which 6 had invasive carcinoma whereas, 14 had non-invasive neoplasm. Ki-67 index expression (>13%) was seen maximum in invasive cancers (40% cases), whereas (<13%) was seen maximum in non-invasive neoplasms 38.3%.  Discussion: A statistically significant expression of mean Ki-67 Labelling Index was observed that increased from papilloma to PUNLMP, Non- Invasive urothelial neoplasm were Low grade & High grade in non-invasive urothelial neoplasm  Conclusion:A Higher tumour proliferation of greater than 13% was significantly related to greater tumour size(p=0.04). Ki-67labelling index being a measure of tumour proliferation is related to tumour histological grade. Large urothelial tumour size was associated with high Ki-67 Labelling index. Therefore, Ki-67 expression can be used as diagnostic&prognostic marker in Urothelial tumours.