Şah İsmayıl Xətainin yaradıcılığında Qızılbaş ideologiyasının izləri

In this article, the “Divan” of Shah Ismail Khatai, which collects his poems, is analyzed as a historical source for studying the Qizilbash ideology, and the Sufi - mystical perspectives of the Qizilbash ideology are explored based on various sources. The Safaviye Order, founded by Sheikh Safi al-Din Ishaq in Ardabil in 1300, initially emerged as a Sufi order. Over time, the order shifted its religious orientation, which led to the formation of the Qizilbash ideology. Under this ideology, the Safaviye Order became involved in political processes, eventually leading to the creation of the Safavid state, one of the powerful states in the medieval East. Based on our research, and looking at Shah Ismail Khatai’s literary work, we can assert that Qizilbashism is a Turkish cultural movement that embraced the concept of wahdat al-wujud (the unity of existence), infused with Sufi understanding, Islamic mysticism, and strong love for the Ahl al-Bayt. It represents a unique social-political movement. This ideology clearly reflects the influence of Sufi-mystical ideas, ancient Turkish beliefs and traditions, and elements of Shi’ism. Furthermore, the article notes that the Alevi communities living in Anatolia, as well as the Alialli communities in Azerbaijan and certain regions of Iran, are contemporary followers of the Qizilbash ideology. These communities continue to preserve the Sufi-influenced love for the Ahl al-Bayt that forms the core of the Qizilbash ideology in their religious practices and way of life. Despite the changing historical and political conditions, these societies have remained loyal to the Qizilbash ideology and have maintained it up to the present day. As a result, the influence of the Qizilbash ideology continues to be significant not only in medieval Eastern history but also in the modern era.