Static, continuous and dynamic calibration of force transducers: A comparative study on a low-force strain-gauge measuring device

Current ISO 376 standard focuses on static calibration of force transducers, overlooking time and frequency influences, crucial in real-world applications such as automotive, aerospace, and healthcare, where mechanical and materials testing is essential for product quality and safety. As a result, novel calibration guidelines have been proposed to extend calibration to continuous and dynamic loading conditions. The paper examines the calibration results of a 200 N high-precision strain-gauge force transducer under static, continuous, and dynamic conditions. While sensitivities across these conditions are generally compatible, uncertainties in continuous and dynamic calibrations are notably higher, which could impact material testing and related applications. If continuous and dynamic sensitivity uncertainties dropped to the static uncertainty level, compatibility would be compromised because of significant differences between the three. It's unclear whether these discrepancies arise mainly from the intrinsic characteristics of the transducer in continuous dynamic conditions or from the inability to reach the transducer capacity force values during dynamic calibration.