Minaeans at Ḥimā: The Epigraphic Corpus and Its Historical, Linguistic and Cultural Implications

ABSTRACT This study explores over 150 inscriptions and graffiti left by Minaean traders in Ḥimā, a key stopover on the trans‐Arabian caravan route. The inscriptions provide valuable data on Minaean onomastics, revealing the use of individual names and lineage indicators. They also suggest varying levels of literacy and linguistic adaptation among the authors, who used writing closely mirroring their spoken language, distinct from formal urban inscriptions. The study addresses the authors' literacy and social status, indicating the presence of notable individuals with higher ranks or specific roles within the trading caravans. It situates the inscriptions within the broader context of ancient trade routes and cultural interactions in the Arabian Peninsula, emphasizing the integration of Minaean families across different regions and the significant role of trade in their social organization.