Cost Analysis Related to Diagnosis, Treatment and Management of Cervical Cancer in Antigua and Barbuda: A Prevalence-Based Cost-of-Illness Study

Cervical cancer remains a significant public health issue globally. In Antigua and Barbuda, cervical cancer is ranked among the top five most common cancers in terms of incidence and mortality among females. There is no evidence that the costs of diagnosing, treating, and managing this cancer have been studied before in Antigua and Barbuda. From the providers' perspective, this study aimed to estimate costs associated with cervical cancer in Antigua and Barbuda. The prevalence-based cost-of-illness methodology was used to assess patient data abstracted from four study sites for the period 2017-2021, and to derive the annual prevalence. Top-down and bottom-up costing approaches were used to estimate direct medical costs. Costs were computed using the 2021 price level and converted to United States Dollars (USD). Total annual direct medical costs of cervical cancer were estimated at USD 0.24 million (ranging between USD 0.19 million and USD 0.30 million). Major cost drivers were treatment (USD 112,863.76), post-treatment side-effects care (USD 67,406.57), and the diagnostic process (USD 26,238.58). The overall direct medical unit costs for managing a case were estimated at USD 115,822.09. Our study reflects the current estimates for managing cervical cancer and provides evidence to complement cervical cancer prevention and cost containment measures in Antigua and Barbuda.