Discovering Hidden Pattern in COVID-19 Prevention through Exit-Entry Permit Letter (SIKM) System using Geospatial Analysis

Abstract COVID-19 was declared as a global pandemic in 2020, and described as a highly contagious virus that spreads through direct contact. Almost all countries affected by COVID-19 implement various steps to prevent its spread, one of which is lockdown, described as a prohibition of human movement outside the home. Jakarta, the capital city of Indonesia with a population of 10,609,681, implements restrictions on human movement entering and leaving of the city using the Exit-Entry Permit Letter (SIKM) system to prevent the spread of COVID-19. Lockdown does not chosen as option to prevent the spread of COVID-19 in Jakarta due to the consideration of its large population, which could have significant economic impacts on the community. Meanwhile, the SIKM system is designed to restrict the mobility of people entering and leaving Jakarta in order to control the spread of COVID-19, with the hope of minimizing significant impacts on the community’s economy. The aim of this research is to discover hidden patterns in human movement entering Jakarta through the SIKM system, utilizing geospatial analysis with Geographic Information System (GIS). The results of this research indicate that the central business district, known as the ‘Golden Triangle’ of Jakarta, emerges as the area with an economic activity zone with the densest hotspot as the primary destination for people during the implementation of the SIKM system. Furthermore, the hidden pattern of Jakarta’s spatial plan indicates that in general the economic activity tend to located in Central Jakarta, meanwhile the residence is tend to located around the borders of Jakarta. Therefore, with the geospatial analysis, hidden patterns of human movement during COVID-19 through the SIKM system can be identified for decision support system for Jakarta government.