Developing WebGIS Using Google Earth Engine for Carbon Monoxide Spatial Monitoring in Surabaya Using Sentinel-5P

Abstract Geospatial information has various beneficial to support sustainable environment and human health, such as monitoring distribution of pollutant gases. Carbon Monoxide (CO) is one of harmful pollutant gases. So, preventing the increases of CO and its wider spreading in the atmosphere is very important and also can be as an initial step to mitigate the CO increases. It is often the case that CO concentrations in many big cities are higher than those in its surrounding cities. The current study was conducted in Surabaya city, which is known as one of the major big cities in Indonesia and pose high population density and urban activities. Sentinel-5P imageries were used as the primary data processed and analysed using Google Earth Engine (GEE) platform in order to estimates CO concentration and its distribution in Surabaya. WebGIS for CO monitoring was developed using GEE as the final output in this research. This allowing the results of CO concentration and distribution to be accessed by public. Temporal of Sentinel-5P imagery starting from 2018 up to present were used as the primary data for extracting the CO in Surabaya. The WebGIS developed in this study can be seen at https://ee-devikarahma28.projects.earthengine.app/view/co-distribution-of-surabaya-city. Based on the WebGIS that describes the CO distribution in Surabaya, this study showed the highest CO concentration was in 2018, with values range from 0.294 to 0.331mol/m 2 . While the lowest CO was in year 2022 with values ranges from 0.0261 to 0.0298 mol/m 2 . The highest CO concentration has frequently occurred in the central of Surabaya, while the lowest CO concentration was in the east Surabaya.