Cage-Like Proteins: Self-Assembling Scaffolds for Enhanced Biosensor Performance

Cage-like proteins (CLPs) are fascinating structures found in all domains of life, formed by the assembly of tens to hundreds of protein subunits into hollow, geometric cages. Their predictable organization and capacity to carry molecular cargo make them highly versatile tools in biosensing technology. This review explores the various types of CLPs utilized in biosensing, examining their structures and biological roles and the innovative strategies used to modify them for enhanced biosensor performance. Through numerous literature examples, we provide a comprehensive look at the current advancements in CLP-based biosensors, highlighting their potential to revolutionize the field with their ability to generate enhanced signals and capture analytes efficiently. In summary, we provide a detailed evaluation of CLPs and their transformative impact on biosensor technology, paving the way for future innovations.