Episiotomy and innervation zones of the external anal Sphincter: A case series investigating the impact on neurological patterns

Mediolateral episiotomy may impact the EAS's innervation pattern, highlighting the importance of considering individual innervation zones in episiotomy planning. While the integration of sEMG into routine clinical practice is still evolving, this study underscores its potential as an additional tool for assessing neural integrity, particularly in cases of anal sphincter injury and reconstruction. Future research should explore the dynamics of re-innervation and the correlation between vascular injury and reduced innervation zones to enhance patient-specific care in pelvic floor dysfunction.