Shifting national interest in petroleum-producing countries during the energy transition: the Omani experience

Abstract Petroleum-producing countries are at particular economic and social risk during the energy transition, primarily due to the shift from petroleum revenues that can be used to stabilize the state to the development of renewable energy sources, which do not bring revenue to the state. Exploring this conundrum within the context of the national interest, this article examines petroleum-producing countries, focusing on Oman as an example of a non-democratic rentier state. Examining the national interest as both a concept and a practice within the energy sector, the study concludes that the energy transition will place certain challenges on the Omani government, but with a focus on establishing investment opportunities and energy justice, there are many positive experiences ahead for Oman.