Advancements and Challenges in Nuclear Power Systems for Future Sustainability

Nuclear power stands as a crucial cornerstone in the global pursuit of sustainable energy solutions, offering immense potential to mitigate climate change and meet rising energy demands. This paper explores the evolving landscape of nuclear power systems, focusing on innovations, advancements, and challenges shaping their role in the future energy mix. From next-generation reactor designs to advanced fuel cycles and safety technologies, the quest for safer, more efficient, and cost-effective nuclear power generation is underway. However, alongside these advancements, persistent challenges such as nuclear waste management, proliferation risks, and public perception necessitate comprehensive analysis and proactive strategies. Through a multidisciplinary lens encompassing technological, environmental, economic, and social dimensions, this paper aims to provide insights into the trajectory of nuclear power systems and their potential contributions to a sustainable energy future.