Economic Analysis Framework for Climate Adaptation Investment Towards Resilient Land Transport Infrastructure with a Thailand Case Study

Recent global climate commitment emphasizes the necessity of climate-proofing investments in land transport infrastructure. Such investments are typically substantial and require thorough economic analysis. This paper introduces a systematic economic framework that includes Total Investment Estimation (TIE) which bridges Cost-Benefit Analysis (CBA) and Investment and Financial Flow (I&FF) assessment. TIE classifies target areas, categorizes countermeasures, and prioritizes investment decisions. A case study of Thailand's land transport sector was used to demonstrate the usability of the framework. Stakeholders can use this framework to develop economically feasible and affordable climate-proofing investment strategies.