A Proposed Framework for Fuel Chain Total Energy and GHG Analysis for Global Applications Constructed on Leontief Input-Output Model

The energy and fuel supply chain of various countries and power mix could vary substantially from one country to another. These distinctions lead to differences in energy requirements and environmental impacts emanating from the extraction, production and transport phases of fuel and energy utilization in countries through-out the world. Considering that energy and fuel supply chain among countries are complexly connected, supply chain and power mix variations in one country could well have significant changes in the sustainability of energy use in another country. If inadequately analyzed, assumptions taken on this issue could be detrimental to the outcomes of environmental assessment of systems. The paper provides a simplified framework based on the Leontief Input-Output economic model that may be used to simultaneously quantify the net energy and GHG production of power and fuels of countries globally. An example involving interactions between three countries is provided to demonstrate the methodology.