Identity-Based Authentication for On-Demand Charging of Electric Vehicles

Dynamic wireless power transfer provides a means for charging Electric Vehicles (EVs) while driving, avoiding stopping to charge and hence fostering their widespread adoption. Researchers have devoted much effort over the last decade to providing a reliable infrastructure for potential users to improve their comfort and time management. Due to the severe security and performance system requirements, the different schemes proposed in the last years lack a unified protocol involving the modern architecture model with merged authentication and billing processes. Furthermore, they require the continuous interaction of the trusted entity during the process, increasing the delay in communication and reducing security due to a large number of message exchanges. This article proposes a secure, computationally lightweight, unified protocol for fast authentication and billing that provides on-demand dynamic charging to deal with all the computational and security comprehensively with additional usability for the customers. The protocol employs an ID-based public encryption scheme to manage mutual authentication and pseudonyms to preserve the user's identity across multiple charging processes. Compared to state-of-the-art authentication protocols, our proposal provides on-demand service and public critical infrastructure security without impacting performances with around 7 ms, close to the most straightforward scheme available.