Spiral arm, rotating structure, and outflow cavity in massive star-forming region G23.43−0.18
ABSTRACT We confirmed the existence of a massive protocluster in G23.43−0.18 from our Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) 1.3 mm continuum and molecular line observations. We resolved the region into one main massive protostellar object, G23.43−0.18 A, one intermediate mass protostellar object, G23.43−0.18 B, and three low mass objects, G23.43−0.18 C1, G23.43–0.18 C2, and G23.43−0.18 C3. A spiral arm structure is observed in G23.43−0.18 B. G23.43−0.18 A 1.3 mm dust continuum emission showed a ‘butterfly’ morphology with clear evidence of the existence of a cavity and bipolar outflow with an inclination angle of 50$^\circ$. G23.43−0.18 B presents a compact rotating structure, and possibly an inner Keplerian disc, traced with methanol lines and powers a jet revealed by multiple compact emission peaks in CO, indicating episodic ejections every 300 yr. The presence of 6.7 GHz methanol masers in G23.43−0.18 A and G23.43−0.18 B are strong indications that both objects host massive protostars and are good sites to test some theories of the early evolutionary phases of massive stars.
Authors
- Jihye Hwang (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7866-2686)
- Ji‐hyun Kang (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7379-6263)
- Tomoya Hirota (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1659-095X)
- Mi Kyoung Kim (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1337-2244)
- J.M. Vorster (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4529-5343)
- Jungha Kim (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9933-2851)
- А. М. Соболев (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7575-5254)
- Ross A. Burns (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3302-1935)
- James O. Chibueze (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9875-7436)
- Kee‐Tae Kim
- Koichiro Sugiyama (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6033-5000)
- C J Ugwu (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8467-6582)
- Chang‐Won Lee (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0546-0439)
- Tie Liu
Institutions
- University of Nigeria (NG)
- Ural Federal University (RU)
- University of Helsinki (FI)
- Pioneer (United States) (US)
- Otsuma Women's University (JP)
- University of South Africa (ZA)
- Chungnam National University (KR)
- Chinese Academy of Sciences (CN)
- National Institutes of Natural Sciences (JP)
- The Graduate University for Advanced Studies, SOKENDAI (JP)
- North-West University (ZA)
- Shanghai Astronomical Observatory (CN)
- Helsinki Institute of Physics (FI)
- Korea Astronomy and Space Science Institute (KR)
- Xinjiang Astronomical Observatory (CN)
- Pioneer (Japan) (JP)
- RIKEN (JP)
- National Astronomical Observatory of Japan (JP)
- National Astronomical Research Institute of Thailand (TH)
- Korea University of Science and Technology (KR)
Publication Details
- Journal
- Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
- Published
- 2024-12-18
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stae2773
- Citations
- 3
- Primary Topic
- Geomagnetism and Paleomagnetism Studies
- Type
- article
- Field-Weighted Citation Impact
- 0.70
Funders
- National Science Foundation
- National Radio Astronomy Observatory
- National Research Foundation
- Department of Science and Technology, Ministry of Science and Technology, India
- Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology
- Korea Astronomy and Space Science Institute
- National Research Foundation of Korea
- Ministry of Education, Science and Technology
- National Astronomical Observatory of Japan
- Ministero degli Affari Esteri e della Cooperazione Internazionale
- University of South Africa
- Japan Society for the Promotion of Science
- National Institutes of Natural Sciences