Self-supported electrocatalysts for electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution reaction

<p indent="0mm">Hydrogen energy, characterized by its diverse sources, high combustion calorific value, and cleanliness, is widely regarded as an ideal alternative fuel for future energy supplies. In recent years, electrocatalytic water splitting has emerged as a focal point of research due to its advantages of high hydrogen production efficiency and purity. Consequently, the development of electrocatalysts that exhibit both high efficiency and long-term stability has become imperative. Self-supported electrocatalysts possess numerous advantages, including an abundance of catalytic sites, enhanced electron transfer capabilities, and exceptional durability under high current densities. This review aims to introduce the mechanism and performance evaluation parameters of the electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution reaction. Additionally, it discusses the selection criteria for conductive substrates and typical synthesis methods employed in self-supported catalysts. Subsequently, the paper elaborates on the preparation strategies, structural properties, and hydrogen evolution performance of self-supported electrocatalysts. Finally, it prospects the future development of self-supporting catalysts.