A study on voice changes after thyroid surgery

Thyroid surgery can lead to significant voice changes, which is one of the most serious complications. This study examines post-thyroidectomy vocal changes using a multi-dimensional assessment approach, including perceptual evaluation, subjective voice evaluation (voice handicap index), acoustic analysis, aerodynamic assessments, and vocal fold vibration analysis (stroboscopy, high-speed videoendoscopy, and kymography). The perceptual evaluation showed that patients experienced reduced vocal clarity, stability, and increased vocal fatigue following surgery. Acoustic analysis revealed changes in the fundamental frequency, increased jitter and shimmer values, and a reduced harmonics-to-noise ratio, which indicated a decrease in vocal stability and clarity. Aerodynamic assessments showed a decrease in maximum phonation time and expiratory pressure, suggesting weakened vocal fold closure and insufficient respiratory support. Vocal fold vibration analysis revealed asymmetry and irregular vibration patterns, which further confirmed the observed degradation in vocal quality. These findings highlight the importance of employing a comprehensive, multi-faceted evaluation to accurately assess post-thyroidectomy vocal changes. This approach is essential for guiding targeted rehabilitation efforts aimed at improving vocal recovery and minimizing long-term voice problems following thyroid surgery.