Innovations in neuromonitoring and regenerative approaches in thyroid and neck surgeries

Intraoperative neuromonitoring (IONM) has become an indispensable component in thyroid and head and neck surgeries, significantly enhancing surgical precision and patient safety. This comprehensive review explores the latest advancements in IONM techniques, emphasizing developments in both clinical and basic research. Additionally, it integrates perspectives from regenerative medicine, highlighting how emerging therapies can synergize with neuromonitoring to optimize nerve preservation and recovery. We examine the evolution of neuromonitoring technologies, their application in various surgical procedures, and the collaborative efforts across disciplines that have enhanced neuromonitoring efficacy. Furthermore, the review addresses the impact of IONM on surgical strategies, discusses current challenges, and outlines future directions in the field, including the potential integration of regenerative medicine approaches. By synthesizing current knowledge, this paper aims to provide a valuable resource for clinicians and researchers striving to optimize surgical outcomes through effective neuromonitoring and regenerative strategies.