Ultrasound tactile stimulation based on pattern interference radiation force

Recent advancements in tactile display systems aim to mimic realistic tactile sensations by stimulating neural structures or using mechanical actuators. This study introduces a novel approach that utilizes multi-channel ultrasound transducers to generate standing waves, reproducing pattern interference radiation force (PIRF). The system enhances stress field resolution by increasing a gradient of particle velocity through opposing transducers. This mechanism was experimentally verified by measuring microbubble displacement patterns. The tactile feedback generated by this mechanism offers nuanced sensory experiences compared to single transducer systems, enabling various spatial and temporal tactile stimuli. Experimental results demonstrate consistent displacement fields between theoretical analysis and microbubble responses, confirming PIRF’s effectiveness. Subjects perceive distinct focal points and experience a range of tactile sensations. Furthermore, by manipulating the acoustic wave field in three-dimensional space, PIRF can generate diverse tactile stimuli.