Impact of nighttime human behavior on exposure to malaria vectors and effectiveness of using long-lasting insecticidal nets in the Ethiopian lowlands and highlands
Malaria control in Ethiopia requires context-specific strategies tailored to diverse ecological settings that consider the impact of human behavior on exposure to Anopheles mosquitoes. Limited LLIN effectiveness, human activities coinciding with peak biting times and minimal LLIN usage create significant protection gaps. Comprehensive control necessitates supplemental tools addressing exposure in all locations and times. In the Ethiopian highlands, where indoor activities predominate, increased LLIN usage combined with targeted indoor residual spraying could reduce transmission. In lowland areas, both residents and seasonal migrant workers face relatively higher outdoor exposure risks, requiring additional measures, such as topical and spatial repellents. We recommend implementing data-driven, hyperlocal approaches based on specific human-vector interactions to enhance malaria control effectiveness across the Ethiopian highlands and lowlands.
Authors
- Edward Thomsen (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1136-6430)
- Temesgen Ashine (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4723-1848)
- Getachew Kabew Mekonnen (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6607-8896)
- Endashaw Esayas (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7116-7033)
- Neil F. Lobo (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4878-4839)
- Henry Ntuku (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7218-2710)
- Élodie A. Vajda (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7969-066X)
- Steven Gowelo (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9501-578X)
- Lemu Golassa (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1216-8711)
- Muluken Assefa (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0004-2610-9810)
- Adam Bennett (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7028-311X)
- Asefaw Getachew
- Endalamaw Gadisa (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5179-6278)
Institutions
- University of Notre Dame (US)
- Program for Appropriate Technology in Health (US)
- University of California, San Francisco (US)
- Armauer Hansen Research Institute (ET)
- Addis Ababa University (ET)
- Seattle University (US)
Publication Details
- Journal
- Parasites & Vectors
- Published
- 2024-12-18
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.1186/s13071-024-06607-9
- Citations
- 12
- Primary Topic
- Malaria Research and Control
- Type
- article
- Field-Weighted Citation Impact
- 6.52
Funders
- Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation
- PATH
- University of Notre Dame