Research on Key Influencing Factors of Ecological Environment Quality in Barcelona Metropolitan Region Based on Remote Sensing

With the rapid development of urbanization, the ecological environment is being degraded. Taking the Barcelona Metropolitan Region as an example, this paper developed an ecological environment quality-assessment system suitable for different times and regions, based on remote sensing, to evaluate the quality of the ecological environment from 2006 to 2018. We also built various ordinary least squares models to analyze multiple variables affecting the ecological environment. Finally, the characteristic triangular spatial structure was used to explain the interaction between the two key variables. The results showed that the ecological quality was unevenly distributed. The largest green space contributed the most benefits but was decreasing and becoming fragmented. NDVI (normalized difference vegetation index) was the most significant natural variable related to the distribution of green space. Precipitation was the most closely related climate factor to NDVI. There was a complex two-way interaction mechanism between the two, and its boundary value was getting higher and higher. In conclusion, the environmental quality of the BMR needs improvement. The characteristic triangle can effectively explain the interaction mechanism between precipitation and NDVI. This study deeply analyzes how various factors affect environmental quality from both the global and internal perspectives and provides a scientific basis for urban ecological management and sustainable development.