Cartographic communication: Text variables on maps

Abstract. Our focus in cartography is on communication, usually in a geo-related context. Text plays a major part in the effectiveness of this communication: adding names identifying features, and information on themes. Graphic templates are easy to design on simple backgrounds; but design becomes more difficult on the visually complex backgrounds of mountain topography. A wealth of digital fonts is now available, many with more variables than are practical for mapping, and some with distracting characteristics. Jacques Bertin’s visual variables (2010) aid font selection by providing a framework for integrated design. It is hoped that this paper will stimulate critical appraisal of our work, personal experiment, and discussion to further improve cartographic communication.