Trigger receptor expressed in myeloid cell type-1(TREM-1) as a biomarker of systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) in pediatrics

Objective: to determine the validity of TREM-1 as a SIRS biomarker in pediatric patients. Method:systematic review, according to PRISMA, of studies published until October 2022 indexed in the VHL, Cochrane Library, PubMed/MEDLINE and Science Direct databases. The search strategy included the descriptors: TREM-1; SIRS; Child; Biomarker. Registration number PROSPERO CRD: 42022381838. Results: four studies comprising 2.353 patients aged 11 months to 18 years were included, with SIRS being present in 75% of these. Cutoff values ranged from 18.7 pg/mL to > 629 pg/mL. The results support a role for TREM-1 as a diagnostic tool for pediatric SIRS, but cannot be considered conclusive as a quantitative synthesis was not possible due to heterogeneity in study design. Conclusion: we conclude a potential use of TREM-1 in the pediatric population, specifically for the diagnosis of SIRS, with a good perspective in cardiac surgerythrough its elevation after surgery. However, it was not possible to establish a cut-off point, but rather to determine the possibility of its use for stratifying mortality risk, compared to baseline values, when the patient has SIRS.