Uso irregular de protetor solar e fatores associados em adultos e idosos: estudo de base populacional no Sul do Brasil

Introduction: The southern region leads skin cancer statistics in Brazil, with multiple factors related to this predisposition. Ultraviolet radiation is the main modifiable risk factor, and regular use of sunscreens has proven effective in reducing risk. Despite this, the prevalence of irregular sunscreen use has been higher than desired. Objective: To evaluate the association between irregular sunscreen use and sociodemographic, behavioral, and health characteristics in adults and older individuals. Method: A cross-sectional population-based study conducted in 2019 with adult residents in the urban area of Criciúma, state of Santa Catarina, Brazil. The outcome variable was irregular use of sunscreens. Exposure variables included sex, age, skin color, education, income, paid work, smoking, household registration in a Primary Health Care unit, access to supplementary health insurance, preventive medical and dental visits in the last year, walking in leisure time, commuting on foot or by bicycle, sufficient physical activity, personal history of cancer of any organ and the skin. To assess the association between irregular sunscreen use and these variables, crude and adjusted analyses were performed using Poisson Regression with a significance level of 5%. Results: In total, 820 individuals were studied. The prevalence of irregular sunscreen use was 52.8%. Factors associated with an increased prevalence of irregular sunscreen use were: male sex (PR 1.57; 95%CI 1.39-1.77), smoking (PR 1.19; 95%CI 1.03-1.37), being 60 years or older (PR 1.62; 95%CI 1.26-2.09), and lower education (inverse linear trend: p<0.001). On the other hand, having supplementary health insurance (PR 0.84; 95%CI 0.71-0.99) and walking in leisure time (PR 0.76; 95%CI 0.64-0.90) were protective factors. Conclusion: This study allowed us to identify the profile of individuals at higher risk of irregular sunscreen use, representing a potential health benefit by better targeting strategies for preventing skin cancer in older populations and adults.