Hematological, Biochemical and Cytokine Profiles in Cattle: Effects of Lumpy Skin Disease Virus Infection and Farm Size

Abstract Lumpy skin disease (LSD) is a contagious viral disease of cattle. This experiment aimed to study the influence of lumpy skin disease virus (LSDV) infection and farm size on hematological, biochemical parameters and cytokines in 55 beef cattle. The groups included LSDV–infected cattle from large farms (Group 1), LSDV–infected cattle from small farms (Group 2), uninfected cattle from large farms (Group 3), and uninfected cattle from small farms (Group 4). The hematological, biochemical values and cytokine profiles were measured. The results showed that red blood cells, hemoglobin, platelets, white blood cells, neutrophils, and lymphocytes were higher in infected cattle than in the uninfected cattle. The level of eosinophils of the cattle from the large farm was higher than that of the small farm. Gamma glutamyl transferase in the infected cattle was higher than in the uninfected cattle. Albumin of the cattle from the small farm was higher than that from the large farm. IFN–γ in infected cattle was higher than in uninfected cattle, while TNF–α in the infected cattle was lower than in the uninfected cattle. Our study indicated that LSDV infection altered hematological and biochemical parameters, including cytokine profiles, with farm size potentially influencing these alterations.