ASSESSMENT OF THE IMPACT OF A SLUDGE RESERVOIR FOR IRON-CONTAINING WASTE ON ENVIRONMENTAL COMPONENTS

The paper presents the results of the environmental impact assessment of the sludge pond for iron-containing waste generated as a result of the economic activities of the Zavolzhsky Chemical Factory located in the Ivanovo Region. In 2020, the sludge pond was included in the state register of objects of accumulated environmental damage. The accumulated sludge, with a volume of about 31 thousand m3, is a spent catalyst generated as a result of diphenylamine production. The main components of the waste are iron (III) oxide, silicon oxide and water, the total content of which is 95%. Heavy metals are also present in trace amounts - organic compounds, copper, nickel, zinc and chromium. The research assessed the quality of atmospheric air, the state of surface and groundwater, as well as the soil cover and soils on the territory of the site where the sludge pond is located. The assessments showed that the main negative impact is on the soil cover, groundwater and river Volga, flowing 185 m from the location of the object. To establish the quality of water in the Volga River, the hydrochemical index of water pollution was used, the value of which exceeded 10, i.e. the Volga River (in the area of the city of Zavolzhsk) according to the class and assessment of water quality belongs to the extremely dirty. In the area of the location of the object in the Volga River, there is an excess of heavy metals by 2-7 times compared to the background sample taken in the control section upstream. The quality of groundwater in the survey site does not meet environmental standards and varies from an emergency environmental situation to an environmental disaster zone. The value of the total indicator of chemical pollution of soils and grounds relates the studied area to the category of soil pollution as a high level of pollution (risk for the resident population). For citation: Izvekova T.V., Gusev G.I., Gordina N.E., Sitanov R.D., Gushchin A.A. Assessment of the impact of a sludge reservoir for iron-containing waste on environmental components. ChemChemTech [Izv. Vyssh. Uchebn. Zaved. Khim. Khim. Tekhnol.]. 2024. V. 67. N 11. P. 145-153. DOI: 10.6060/ivkkt.20246711.7140.