IDENTITY OF INDUSTRIAL ARCHITECTURE OF THE LATE NINETEENTH AND EARLY TWENTIETH CENTURIES. IN THE HISTORICAL AREA OF THE CITY OF KHARKIV

The article highlights the topic of formation, development, and degradation of Kharkiv's textile manufactories, which are compactly located along Rizdviana Street in the downtown area. In addition to the processes related to the activity in the territory of the manufactories' neighborhood, the article raises the theme of the representation of identity in the monuments of Kharkiv industrial architecture. In the early twentieth century, Kharkiv's manufactory district was the embodiment of a big city, the world of science and technical progress, where each firm expressed its identity in the architecture of the building. Contemporaries called the neighborhood “Kharkiv City”. Later on, the district gradually began to lose this status. Over the next 50 years, weaving production declined, giving way to book printing. During the Second World War, the neighbourhood was severely damaged and some of the buildings were rebuilt in Soviet Art Deco style. From the 1970s onwards, a gradual deterioration began, which intensified from the 1990s onwards. Since the 2000s, attempts to renovate manufactory buildings have started: exhibitions are held in separate buildings, and since 2016 the creation of hubs, which combine offices with different functions, has begun. The article proposes 3 renovation strategies that range from "conservative" to "radical". Conservative strategy implies preservation of the neighborhood in existing forms, museification of buildings to create museums. The main emphasis is on the development of tourism. The second concept implies regeneration of the lost parts of the neighborhood development, symbols, functions. The concept implies restoration of the lost image of Kharkiv City and filling it with new content (functions). The radical concept is connected with the creation of new forms, functions, which were not previously present in the territory of the district and which will contrast with the historical building. This will provide an opportunity to create new functions and images that will become a center of activity. The combination of the creation of new functions and images with the revival of lost identities will make it possible to turn the district into a centre of activity, preserving its historical heritage and reviving the lost image. Key words: degrading industrial buildings and territories, identity, renovation, architecture of industrial objects.