THEORETICAL PRINCIPLES OF THE URBAN PLANNING FORMATION

The article examines the key works that formed the scientific foundations of modern urbanism. They reflect the peculiarities of the stages of the formation of this science and form a general idea of its fundamental components. The history of the development of scientific research summarizes the process of formation and clearly demonstrates the main periods of the formation of urbanism. A retrospective review of scientific works made it possible to identify key moments in the development of urbanism, starting from the first theoretical studies and ending with modern urban planning practice. Over several centuries, urbanism has evolved from intuitive planning methods to a complex scientific discipline that covers a wide range of issues: from architecture and engineering to sociology, ecology and economics. The research methodology is built on a historical approach. The following methods were used: terminological analysis, comparison, systematization, forecasting. Thanks to the systematization of the ideas of thematic works of urbanists of different periods, which constitute the theoretical basis of modern urbanism, it can be concluded that the works can be divided into classical theoretical and practical applied. Regarding the prospects for the evolution of urbanism in the context of globalization and sustainable development of cities, it is necessary to note the sphere of innovative technologies, which allows opening up new horizons for the study and analysis of urban spaces. Also, thanks to the research conducted, it is possible to trace the trends in the complication of the object of urban knowledge, which are influenced by internal aspects, namely social, environmental, economic, psychological, etc. Modern urban research is aimed at finding the optimal combination of innovative technologies and sustainable development in order to ensure the harmonious existence of cities and their residents in the face of global challenges. Keywords. Urban planning, urban development, architecture, urban environment, sustainable development.