Investigation of Color and Shape Stimulus Configuration to SSVEP Brain-Computer Interface Performance

The Brain-computer interface (BCI) has evolved into a vital communication medium, offering a direct link to the brain. This medium is a game-changer for individuals with locked-in syndrome, such as Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS). It also holds significant promise for direct communication without the need for typing or voice commands. One of the most effective BCI methods is the use of Steady State Visual Evoked Potential (SSVEP), a unique brain signal condition. However, a new method modality is required to enhance performance, given its relatively slow response time when compared to normal communication. This study aimed to investigate the impact of color and shape on the performance of the SSVEP BCI. The research involved recording 8 channels of EEG signals as participants observed visual stimuli displayed on a monitor. The stimuli included flashing lights with frequency, color, and shape variations. The results showed the highest configuration accuracy of 70% with an Information Transfer Rate (ITR) of 15.5 bits/minute. Despite being statistically insignificant, the results suggest that color and shape have an influence on the SSVEP BCI performance.