A co-design matrix-based approach to evaluate the climate risks for airports: A case study of Bologna airport

• Climate change requires careful risk management for airport infrastructure. • The matrix-based risk assessment approach is a valid and easily replicable method. • Active stakeholder participation in climate risk ensures that the resulting strategies are robust, relevant and practical. Climate change presents substantial challenges for the aviation sector, particularly concerning the assessment and management of risks to airport infrastructure and operations. Effective climate risk assessment is crucial for implementing prioritized adaptation strategies that enhance airport resilience. This paper introduces an innovative matrix-based co-design approach to evaluate climate risks for airports, illustrated by a case study of Bologna Airport, located in Emilia-Romagna, Italy. The matrix-based approach, distinguished by its integration of climate hazard, exposure and vulnerability data, proves to be both robust and replicable, especially when key stakeholders actively participate in the process. The approach offers a systematic framework for identifying and assessing climate risks, facilitating the development of effective adaptation strategies. The Bologna Airport case study highlights the approach’s practical application, demonstrating its effectiveness in risk assessment and its potential to guide decision-making for more resilient airport management. The findings underscore the importance of early and equitable preventive actions and support, making vulnerability analysis a critical component in developing effective adaptation strategies. This research advances resilience planning in the aviation sector and offers valuable insights for other airports facing similar climate challenges.