Numerical analysis of temperature behavior in solid and ventilated brake discs during repetitive braking

The braking system is one of the crucial systems in a vehicle, responsible for decelerating it to a lower speed or bringing it to a complete stop. During braking, the friction between the brake pads and the brake disc generates heat, most of which is absorbed by the brake disc rather than dissipated. Consequently, the brake disc can rapidly accumulate significant heat, especially during repeated cyclical braking, leading to high-temperature regions. Under these conditions, several negative effects, such as brake disc wear, cracking, and reduced braking torque, may occur. This paper aims to compare the thermal behavior of solid and ventilated brake discs under repeated cyclical braking. Numerical simulations were conducted using ANSYS software, revealing that the maximum temperatures on the solid and ventilated discs during the final braking cycle were 252.61 °C and 221.12 °C, respectively. Therefore, the maximum temperature on the ventilated disc is approximately 12.5% lower than on the solid disc. These findings demonstrate that ventilated discs are effective in demanding conditions, consistently ensuring a high level of safety.