Unveiling the medicinal potential of edible mushroom polysaccharides: Structure, function, and therapeutic insights

Abstract Edible mushrooms have been a staple in diets worldwide for centuries, prized for their distinct flavors, versatility in the kitchen, and potential health benefits. Among the various bioactive compounds found in mushrooms, polysaccharides have garnered significant attention due to their diverse therapeutic applications. This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the medicinal properties of polysaccharides in edible mushrooms, highlighting their potential for future medicinal advancements. Over the past 3 decades, numerous polysaccharides and polysaccharide‐protein complexes have been isolated from mushrooms, many of which are currently used or being investigated as therapeutic agents. Studies suggest that polysaccharides derived from mushrooms may be effective in cancer treatment. The primary components of these polysaccharides in edible mushrooms include beta‐glucans, heteroglycans, and glycoproteins, all of which enhance the mushrooms' potential as medicinal agents.