The Jurisprudential Sects and the Policy of the Ruling Authority in Andalusia up to the End of the Almoravid Era (138-541 AH / 1056-1147 CE)

Objectives: This research aims to investigate the circumstances that facilitated the entry of Islamic sects into Andalusia, the stance of the ruling authority toward them, and how these factors influenced the spread or limitation of these sects within Andalusian society. Andalusia experienced the introduction of several Islamic sects, including the Awza’i, Maliki, Hanafi, Shafi’i, and Zahiri schools of thought. The influence of these sects on public life and politics varied depending on the policies of the Andalusian rulers. Methods: The study comprises an introduction, five main sections, and a conclusion summarizing the findings. The research employs a historical investigative approach, analyzing historical narratives that explore the presence of these sects in Andalusia and the response of the ruling authority to their spread. Key sources and references supporting this analysis are documented throughout. Results: The findings indicate that sects such as the Maliki school received support from the ruling authority, which significantly contributed to their acceptance and influence among the broader society. In contrast, other sects struggled to establish a presence due to a lack of official endorsement, resulting in limited reach and influence and a reduced ability to compete with the Maliki doctrine. Conclusions: This research highlights the complex relationship between sectarian scholars and the Andalusian ruling authority, as well as the impact of this relationship on the spread or restriction of various sects. The study reveals that the ruling authority's support was a determining factor in a sect’s influence within Andalusian society.