Physical properties of Dipterocarpus sp. sawdust pellet enhanced by starch and carboxymethylcellulose

Abstract Wood pellets are gaining a lot of attention as a sustainable fuel alternative due to the growing need for renewable energy sources. Understanding the physical properties of wood pellets is crucial for optimizing their production and performance. In this study, the mechanical durability of Dipterocarpus sp . sawdust pellets was enhanced with the application of starch and carboxymethylcellulose. The internal structure of the pellet, including the distribution of pores, the integrity of the pellet matrix, and the existence of imperfections, can be recognised by high-resolution, in-depth examinations of the surface morphology of the pellet provided by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) imaging. The results indicate that different binders and their concentrations have different morphological structures of pellets. Nonetheless, there is a tendency for the five pellet types to have similar densities. Of the five variations tested, the 100% starch binding material could produce pellets with the best physical properties.