Comparative Legal Analysis of Maritime Technology Utilization in Indonesia and China

Managing maritime borders is a vital issue that needs special attention from coastal nations such as Indonesia and China. Both designed and deployed various systems to monitor marine activity as declared in UNCLOS 1982. The goal of this study is to give a comparison of marine surveillance technologies and to analyze the legality of their usage under international law. The research methods include literature review and analysis of material from official sources, scientific publications, and relevant reports. This study discovered that Indonesia has created an integrated maritime surveillance system based on satellite, radar, and Automatic Identification System (AIS) technologies. Besides that, China is deploying more advanced and extensive maritime surveillance and monitoring technologies, such as a modern fleet of patrol vessels, aircraft, and remote monitoring equipment. Indonesia and China have generally employed marine surveillance technologies in compliance with international law principles such as territorial sovereignty, freedom of navigation, and maritime law enforcement. However, there are indications of limits on access to information and potential privacy concerns that should primarily concern the Chinese. Stronger regional coordination and collaboration are required to guarantee that the deployment of marine surveillance technologies complies with international law and current maritime security concepts.