Analysis of Interindividual Variance in Coronary Sinus Veins Anatomy Based on Computer Tomography Data

The coronary sinus (CS) anatomy exhibits substantial inter-individual variance.Despite its clinical relevance, comprehensive studies of CS geometric variability are limited, with the majority investigations relying on autopsied human hearts.The purpose of current study was to propose an approach to analyze differences in CS anatomy.A cohort of 107 patients underwent contrast enhancement computed tomography, followed by manual segmentation of the CS and heart.Three-dimensional voxel CS models were normalized using the CS projection on the epicardial surface of the left ventricle and a modified universal coordinate system.Taking each distribution as a sample random variable, the distance was estimated using the Wasserstein distance (WD) and Kullback-Leibler (KL) divergence metric.These distances were then applied to numerically evaluate the variance of the set.To assess applicability, the set was randomly split into two equal subsets.Finally, intra-and intergroup and total variance were calculated based on distance, namely 0.071, 0.083, 0.077 and 0.154 for WD-based values and 0.037, 0.040, 0.041 and 0.080 for KL-based, respectively.Intergroup and intragroup variance were comparable.