Enhanced Gaussian Process Model for Predicting Compressive Strength of Ultra-High-Performance Concrete (UHPC)

Ultra-high-performance concrete (UHPC) is widely used in engineering due to its exceptional mechanical properties, particularly compressive strength. Accurate prediction of the compressive strength is critical for optimizing mix proportions but remains challenging due to data dispersion, limited data availability, and complex material interactions. This study enhances the Gaussian Process (GP) model to address these challenges by incorporating Singular Value Decomposition (SVD) and Kalman Filtering and Smoothing (KF/KS). SVD improves data quality by extracting critical features, while KF/KS reduces data dispersion and align prediction with physical laws. The enhanced GP model predicts compressive strength with improved accuracy and quantifies uncertainty, offering significant advantages over traditional methods. The results demonstrate that the enhanced GP model outperforms other models, including artificial neural networks (ANN) and regression models, in terms of reliability and interpretability. This approach provides a robust tool for optimizing UHPC mix designs, reducing experimental costs, and ensuring structural performance.