The anti-inflammatory cytokine interferon-gamma as a potential therapeutic target of Alzheimer’s disease: a retrospective observational study

The age-related neurodegenerative disease Alzheimer’s disease is characterized by progressive cognitive decline and neurodegeneration and is often accompanied by inflammation within the central nervous system. This study investigated the role of interferon-gamma, an anti-inflammatory cytokine, in Alzheimer’s disease pathogenesis. Our findings highlight three critical insights: first, there was a significant reduction in interferon-gamma expression at the early stages of Alzheimer’s disease, suggesting an initial impairment in immune function. Second, we identified a novel correlation between the expression levels of interferon-gamma and its receptors, which may indicate a mechanism through which interferon-gamma signaling is altered in Alzheimer’s disease. Third, we observed an increase in entropy and determinant values for interferon-gamma and its receptors, suggesting that systemic dysregulation likely contributes to disease progression. Our study underscores the pivotal role of interferon-gamma in Alzheimer’s disease and highlights its potential as a therapeutic target.