EVALUATION OF CLINICAL AND X-RAY SIGNS OF BODY DISPLACEMENT OF THE LOWER JAW IN PATIENTS WITH TMJ DYSFUNCTION IN ATRICULATION-OCCLUSIVE DISORDERS

Background. It is important to determine the corporal displacement of the lower jaw in the TMJ as a predictor of its dysfunction and, accordingly, to create strategies for planning orthopedic treatment and predicting its effectiveness. Aim: determination of CT diagnostic criteria for body displacement of the lower jaw in patients with TMJ dysfunction in case of occlusion. Materials and methods. A comprehensive clinical and radiological examination of 150 patients with occlusal disorders and TMJ dysfunction was carried out - the experimental group and 30 practically healthy people - the control group. Both groups are comparable in terms of age and gender. The first stage of the patient's examination was a facial examination followed by a dental examination. All patients of the control and experimental groups underwent cone beam tomography on the MyRay, Hyperion X9 PRO device. Results. In our study, 44 (29.33%) patients were found to have a body displacement of the lower jaw to the right, no displacement in any of the joints in only 2 (1.33%) observations. In 25 (16.67%) case displacement of the lower mandible was manifested by a pain syndrome and unilateral distal displacement of the lower jaw, which was established when assessing the ratio of the anterior/posterior joint space in the sagittal projection and was described in detail in our previous studies. Shift in the right TMJ to the right in 127 (84.67%) patients, to the left in 9 (6.00%). Shift in the left TMJ to the right in 62 (41.33%) patients, to the left in 49 (32.67%). Such a frequency of displacements of the heads of the lower jaw in one of the joints can obviously be associated with their simultaneous displacement dorsally or medially in the sagittal plane with possible rotation of the heads of the lower jaw along the hinge axis and definitely significant anatomical diversity of the structure of both the heads of the lower jaw and articular dimples Conclusion. Cone-beam CT enables a comprehensive assessment of intra-articular relationships in the TMJ and is a valuable tool not only for diagnosing TMJ dysfunction, but also for planning orthopedic treatment of such patients and evaluating its effectiveness in dynamics.