A framework to automatically detect near-falls using a wearable inertial measurement cluster

Accurate and automatic assessments of body segment kinematics via wearable sensors are essential to provide new insights into the complex interactions between active lifestyle and fall risk in various populations. To remotely assess near-falls due to balance disturbances in daily life, current approaches primarily rely on biased questionnaires, while contemporary data-driven research focuses on preliminary fall-related scenarios. Here, we worked on an automated framework based on accurate trunk kinematics, enabling the detection of near-fall scenarios during locomotion. Using a wearable inertial measurement cluster in conjunction with evaluation algorithms focusing on trunk angular acceleration, the proposed sensor-framework approach revealed accurate distinguishment of balance disturbances related to trips and slips, thereby minimising false detections during activities of daily living. An important factor contributing to the framework's high sensitivity and specificity for automatic detection of near-falls was the consideration of the individual's gait characteristics. Therefore, the sensor-framework presents an opportunity to substantially impact remote fall risk assessment in healthy and pathological conditions outside the laboratory.