Prevalence and Associating Factors of Ischemic Heart Disease Among Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Cross-sectional Study in a Rural Community

Background Ischemic Heart Disease (IHD) is the leading cause of mortality among cardiovascular disorders. There is inadequate knowledge about the prevalence of IHD in Bangladesh, particularly in diabetes mellitus patients. This research aimed to ascertain the frequency of IHD in diabetic individuals and to identify risk factors for IHD in rural areas. Methods A cross-sectional survey was in a rural community in a diabetic cohort. Simple random sampling was used to select 150 diagnosed diabetic patients of both genders, aged 30 to 65, from registration numbers within the diabetic cohort. Diagnosis of IHD was based on the history of established IHD and ECG and echocardiography findings. Results The results showed that the prevalence of IHD among diabetic patients is 4%. The univariate binary logistic regression analysis identified significant factors associated with IHD, including older age (OR 1.15; 95% CI 1.01-1.31), higher body mass index (BMI) (OR 1.30; 95% CI 1.07-1.52), increased duration of diabetes (OR 1.13; 95% CI 1.00-1.28), and smokeless tobacco use (OR 5.26; 95% CI 1.00-27.7). However, after adjustment in the logistic regression model, a significantly higher risk of IHD was found to be associated with patients having a higher BMI (AOR 1.43, 95% CI 1.14-1.80) and a longer duration of diabetes (AOR 1.26, 95% CI 1.07-1.48). Conclusion The present data indicate that the prevalence of IHD in Bangladesh is 4%, which is a significant issue for diabetic individuals. Regular screening and careful monitoring are necessary among diabetic patients to reduce the risk of cardiovascular diseases, including IHD.