Patterns of development of export cargo flows of grain crops from the southern regions of Russia

The topic of the study is to identify patterns of development of export cargo flows of grain crops from the southern regions of the Russian Federation. The analysis of the volumes of grain shipments from the ports of the AzovBlack Sea and Caspian basins separately was carried out. The main consumers and importers of Russian grain are highlighted, as well as the main directions in the transportation of grain cargoes from the southern regions of Russia. Various standard sizes of bags involved in the transportation of this category of goods are considered, as well as the reasons for their use in the export of Russian grain from the ports of the Caspian Sea and the Black SeaAzov basin. The main types of grain crops to be exported from the southern regions of the Russian Federation are noted, including their shares of the total volume of all transported grain. The dynamics of changes in the volume of transportation of individual grain crops from the ports of the Black SeaAzov basin and the Caspian Sea, respectively, is presented. The trend towards a stable annual increase in export cargo flows of Russian grain is analyzed. The seasonality in the export of the studied category of goods is considered, annual temporary peaks in the curves of cargo flows corresponding to a sharp increase in the volume of grain shipments are highlighted. The presence of patterns in the behavior of the curves of grain export cargo flows from the southern regions of Russia is noted, manifested in the similarity of the shapes of the curves of transportation volumes over various years, as well as in their desire to approach the average curve of cargo flows calculated for the entire analyzed period. The question was raised about the possibility of taking into account the trends under consideration when forecasting changes in the volume of grain export shipments from the ports of the Black SeaAzov and Caspian basins.