Shadow and gravitational weak lensing around a quantum-corrected black hole surrounded by plasma*

Abstract In this study, we investigate the optical properties of a quantum-corrected black hole (BH) in loop quantum gravity surrounded by a plasma medium. First, we determine the photon and shadow radii resulting from quantum corrections and the plasma medium in the environment surrounding a quantum-corrected BH. Our findings indicate that the photon sphere and BH shadow radii decrease owing to the quantum correction parameter α , which acts as a repulsive gravitational charge. Further, we investigate the gravitational weak lensing by applying the general formalism used to model the deflection angle of the light traveling around the quantum-corrected BH within the plasma medium. We show, in conjunction with the fact that the combined effects of the quantum correction and non-uniform plasma frequency parameter can decrease the deflection angle, that the light traveling through the uniform plasma can be strongly deflected than the non-uniform plasma environment surrounding the quantum-corrected BH. Finally, we examine the magnification of the lensed image brightness under the effect of the quantum correction parameter α , including the uniform and non-uniform plasma effects.