Association of oxidative balance score with cardiovascular disease and all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in American adults with type 2 diabetes: data from the National Health and Nutrition examination survey 1999-2018

Adherence to higher OBS was associated with reduced CVD prevalence and mortality risk in T2D. Antioxidant diet and lifestyle had more significant associations with mortality and CVD prevalence, respectively. However, as these findings are merely associations and do not allow causal inferences to be drawn, future validation in high-quality randomized controlled trials is needed.