Clinical and Sociodemographic Profile and Pattern of Echocardiographic Diagnosis of Patients Attending Outpatient Echo Department of NICVD

Background: Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) represent a significant public health burden globally, including in Bangladesh. Echocardiography is a pivotal diagnostic tool in the assessment of cardiac function, structure, and abnormalities in patients with suspected cardiovascular conditions. Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the clinical and sociodemographic characteristics of patients attending the outpatient echocardiography department at the National Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases (NICVD), Dhaka, and to analyze the pattern of echocardiographic findings. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted over six months, including [total number] patients referred for echocardiographic evaluation. Sociodemographic data, including age, gender, and clinical history, were collected. Echocardiographic assessments were performed following standard guidelines, with measurements including aortic root diameter (AO), left atrial size (LA), left ventricular end-diastolic diameter (LVEDD), left ventricular end-systolic diameter (LVESD), and ejection fraction (EF). Descriptive statistics were used to analyze the data, and associations between demographic factors and echocardiographic findings were evaluated. Results: The mean age of the study population was 48.02 ± 14.49 years, with a majority (65.63%) aged between 31-60 years. Males constituted 86.22% of the patients, resulting in a male-to-female ratio of 6.21:1. The mean aortic root diameter was 27.81 ± 4.46 mm, and the mean left atrial diameter was 33.28 ± 4.82 mm. The mean LVEDD and LVESD were 45.28 ± 6.02 mm and 29.74 ± 5.13 mm, respectively. The average ejection fraction was 63%, indicating preserved systolic function in the majority of patients. Notably, 35.32% of patients exhibited regional wall motion abnormalities (RWMA), suggestive of ischemic heart disease. Conclusion: The study highlights that middle-aged and elderly adults, particularly males, constitute the majority of patients undergoing ...