The Relationship Between Coal Transport Volume and Settled Dust Levels in Residential Areas Due to Coal Mining Activities

Coal mining in South Kalimantan, Indonesia, is economically vital yet poses environmental and health hazards, particularly in residential zones. This study investigated the correlation between coal transport volume and dust settling concentrations in residential areas to solve issues related to dedicated coal transportation routes. The study assessed coal transportation volume and dust concentrations in the field by observational analytical techniques and a cross-sectional survey methodology. Dust Fall Collectors were installed at four coal transportation route sites for a duration of 30 days, with measurements taken at six sampling intervals. Dust concentrations exhibited a positive correlation with traffic volume, with highest levels (1000.18 tons/km²/month) coinciding with maximum traffic volume (222.4 PCU). Daily traffic and dust levels fluctuated due to factors such as rainfall, which diminished dust concentrations. The research indicated that mixed-use roadways and the absence of natural barriers exacerbate dust pollution. These findings underscore the imperative for adaptive dust suppression, traffic regulation, and natural barriers. The study indicates that enhanced regulations and practices are essential to alleviate the adverse impacts of coal mining on public health and the environment in residential areas adjacent to transportation routes, offering policymakers and environmental managers in mining regions critical insights.