Impact of Tilapia Feeding Activities on Ammonia Levels in the Riam Kanan River, Indonesia.

Growing tilapia aquaculture in Indonesia's Riam Kanan River has raised concerns about water quality, notably ammonia levels. This study examined how tilapia feeding affects river ammonia levels while balancing aquaculture productivity and environmental conservation. Water samples were taken before and after fish feeding on two days using a cross-sectional approach. Poltekkes Kemenkes Banjarmasin measured ammonia concentrations and used One Way ANOVA to evaluate the data. Ammonia concentrations increased from 0.039 mg/L before feeding to 0.102 mg/L after feeding. While morning and afternoon levels were within limits (<0.1 mg/L), the nocturnal peak was slightly above regulatory limits. Sinking meals (42.37% of cages), cage densities, and regular feeding schedules affected ammonia dynamics. We found a substantial difference in ammonia levels pre- and post-feeding (p=0.002). These findings emphasize the need for better feeding regimens, water quality monitoring, and natural ammonia reduction methods. Current methods maintain safe ammonia levels, but they can be improved, according to studies. Optimizing feeding times, using premium meals, and adding filter-feeding species are suggestions. Sustainable riverine aquaculture solutions that balance economic needs with environmental protection are presented here.