Disinfection efficiency under conditions of ecological production of bee products

The aim of the study was to investigate the effectiveness of disinfectants with different active ingredients in the ecological production of bee products in apiaries of different regions of Ukraine. The study was conducted in the production conditions of Kharkiv, Dnipro and Poltava regions in the period from 2012 to 2022. A total of 1,400 bee colonies of Carpathian and grey Ukrainian bee breeds were involved in the research. The bees were kept in standard hives, and the apiaries were of the honey-pollination type. During the research period, the apiaries were taken out for nomadic work within the specified regions during the active season. Continuous epizootic monitoring at apiaries allowed us to control and prevent the occurrence and course of infectious diseases of bees involved in the experiments during this period. For the clinical study of bee colonies, periodic examinations were carried out to identify the characteristic signs of infectious bee diseases, such as brood variegation, characteristic changes in the sealed and open brood of bees, the presence of dead larvae or pupae, which are characteristic of infectious diseases such as American and European rot, parasitic rot, ascospherosis, etc. During the experiment, about 2% of bee colonies were found to have certain clinical signs of diseases and peculiarities of their course in the form of mixed infectious diseases. To prevent the spread and emergence of new cases of diseases, a set of veterinary and sanitary measures was introduced and implemented, including forced and planned disinfection of honeycombs and hives, and treatment against infectious diseases of bees. Taking into account the modern requirements for the quality and safety of beekeeping products, several commercial preparations with different active ingredients were investigated — succinic acid, hydrogen peroxide and combined preparations with these active ingredients