Impact of rotational speed and pH on tribocatalytic dye degradation activity of 0.5Ba(Zr _0.2 Ti _0.8 )O ₃ ‒0.5(Ba _0.7 Sr _0.3 )TiO ₃

Abstract The degradation of methylene blue dye via tribocatalysis using 0.5Ba(Zr 0.2 Ti 0.8 )O 3 ‒0.5(Ba 0.7 Sr 0.3 )TiO 3 (BST‒BZT) ceramic powders was investigated under various conditions. The tribocatalytic process was initiated using magnetic stirring with a polytetrafluoroethylene‐coated magnetic bar in a glass beaker setup. The degradation efficiency was evaluated at different stirring speeds of 300, 500, and 700 rpm. The results showed significant variation in degradation rates, with the highest degradation efficiency of ∼73% achieved within 12 h at a rotational speed of 700 rpm. Additionally, the impact of pH on the degradation process was examined by adjusting the dye solution to pH levels of 3, 6, and 9. The degradation efficiency increased with higher pH levels, with the maximum degradation occurring in the basic medium (pH 9). Kinetic analysis revealed that the degradation process adhered to pseudo‐first‐order kinetics, with rate constants of 0.023, 0.035, and 0.104 min⁻ 1 at different stirring speeds of 300, 500, and 700 rpm, respectively. This study showcases the potential of BST‒BZT ceramics as efficient tribocatalysts for degrading organic pollutants in wastewater, emphasizing the impact of stirring speed and pH on degradation efficiency.